Javascript，输出结果后页面不断刷新

Javascript, page keeps refreshing after outputting results

本文关键字：刷新 输出 结果 Javascript      更新时间：2023-09-26

我有一个小问题。

我正在学习Javascript，我决定制作一个货币转换器，但在数据显示后，我的页面不断刷新。

有人能帮我弄清楚它为什么会这样做吗？感谢

网站：http://nonlocalhost.uphero.com/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <style type="text/css">
        * {font-size:13px;font-family:arial;background-color:black;color:white;padding:0;margin:0;}
        #wrapper {width:640px;margin:0px auto;}
        input {color:lime;width:150px;height:22px;}
        #money_to_convert, label:nth-child(3) {position:relative;top:100px;right:95px;}
        #my_currency {width:53px;height:22px;position:relative;top:100px;left:232px;}
        #converted_input, label:nth-child(5) {position:relative;top:134px;right:298px;}
        #convert_currency {width:53px;height:22px;position:relative;top:134px;left:175px;}
        #submit_button {width:52px;height:25px;position:relative;top:117px;right:230px;}
    </style>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function output_value() {
            var my_input = Number(document.getElementsByName("user_input")[0].value);
            var my_output;
            var my_currency = document.convertions.currency_to_convert.value;
            var convert_to = document.convertions.convert_currency_to.value;

            if(my_currency == "USD"){
                if(convert_to == "CAD"){
                    my_output = my_input * 0.975;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "EUR"){
                    my_output = my_input * 0.775;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "GBP"){
                    my_output = my_input * 0.620;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "AUD"){
                    my_output = my_input * 0.956;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else{
                    alert("You can't convert the same currency.");
                }
            }else if(my_currency == "CAD"){
                if(convert_to == "USD"){
                    my_output = my_input * 1.025;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "EUR"){
                    my_output = my_input * 0.795;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "GBP"){
                    my_output = my_input *  0.636;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "AUD"){
                    my_output = my_input *  0.980;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else{
                    alert("You can't convert the same currency.");
                }
            }else if(my_currency == "EUR"){
                if(convert_to == "USD"){
                    my_output = my_input * 1.289;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "CAD"){
                    my_output = my_input * 1.257;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "GBP"){
                    my_output = my_input * 0.800;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "AUD"){
                    my_output = my_input * 1.233;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else{
                    alert("You can't convert the same currency.");
                }
            }else if(my_currency == "GBP"){
                if(convert_to == "USD"){
                    my_output = my_input * 1.610;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "EUR"){
                    my_output = my_input * 1.249;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "CAD"){
                    my_output = my_input * 1.571;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "AUD"){
                    my_output = my_input * 1.541;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else{
                    alert("You can't convert the same currency.");
                }
            }else if(my_currency == "AUD"){
                if(convert_to == "USD"){
                    my_output = my_input * 1.045; 
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "EUR"){
                    my_output = my_input * 0.810;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "GBP"){
                    my_output = my_input * 0.648;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else if(convert_to == "CAD"){
                    my_output = my_input * 1.019;
                    document.getElementsByName("convertion_output")[0].value = my_output;
                }else{
                    alert("You can't convert the same currency.");
                }
            }else{
                alert("Fatal Error, refresh the page.");
            }
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <div id="wrapper">
        <form name="convertions">
            <select name="currency_to_convert" id="my_currency">
                <option value="USD" selected>USD</option>
                <option value="CAD">CAD</option>
                <option value="EUR">EUR</option>
                <option value="GBP">GBP</option>
                <option value="AUD">AUD</option>
            </select>
            <select name="convert_currency_to" id="convert_currency">
                <option value="USD">USD</option>
                <option value="CAD" selected>CAD</option>
                <option value="EUR">EUR</option>
                <option value="GBP">GBP</option>
                <option value="AUD">AUD</option>
            </select>
            <label for="user_input">Amount:</label>
            <input type="text" name="user_input" id="money_to_convert" />
            <label for="convertion_output">Result:</label>
            <input type="text" name="convertion_output" id="converted_input" disabled="disabled" />
            <button onclick="output_value()" id="submit_button">Submit</button>
        </form>     
    </div>
</body>
</html>

按钮的默认行为是，如果它在表单中，则表现得像提交按钮。如果添加type="button"，则它将停止表现得像一个提交按钮

<button onclick="output_value()" type="button" id="submit_button">

您也可以从处理程序返回false（就像使用<input type="submit">一样），以防止默认行为。

<button onclick="output_value(); return false" id="submit_button">

这并不是说你真的不需要表单，因为你没有提交表单。删除表单也可以解决你的问题。

请参阅如何阻止按钮提交表单

这并不是真正解决问题的答案，但我只是想重构那个函数。

/* USD to... */
var rates = {
  USD: 1,
  CAD: 0.975,
  EUR: 0.775,
  GBP: 0.620,
  AUD: 0.956
};
function output_value() {
  var my_input = parseFloat(document.getElementsByName("user_input")[0].value);
  var my_currency = document.convertions.currency_to_convert.value;
  var convert_to = document.convertions.convert_currency_to.value;
  var output = document.getElementsByName('convertion_output')[0];
  // side note. "conversion" is spelt with an 's' not a t.
  output.value = my_input / rates[my_currency] * rates[convert_to];
}

它实际上可以是一个单行，因为每个变量只使用一次，但这可能更可读。

表单正在提交中，因此之后页面将刷新。修复方法是将侦听器放在表单上，并让提交处理程序调用它，然后返回false，这样表单就不会提交。这样，如果javascript被禁用、不可用或无法成功运行，表单就会提交，您可以在服务器上进行转换。

一种常见的策略是让表单在没有任何脚本的情况下正常工作，然后添加脚本以尽可能避免服务器调用。为此，您需要向表单控件添加名称属性，或者将ID属性更改为名称属性。

表单中的按钮默认为提交类型。

要"刷新页面"，只需调用表单的重置方法，就可以从表单的提交处理程序传递对表单的引用，因此：

例如在HTML:中

<form name="convertions" onsubmit="return output_value(this)">
    ...
    <button>Submit</button>

以及在功能中：

function output_value(form) {
    // var my_currency = document.convertions.currency_to_convert.value;
    var my_currency = form.currency_to_convert.value;
    // and so on
    ...
    alert("Fatal Error, refresh the page.");
    // reset the form
    form.reset(); 
    // stop the form submitting
    return false;
}
相关文章：