如何创建启动网站的应用程序
How to create an application which launch a website
有人能帮助创建一个在监视器右上角显示帮助按钮的exe吗？当用户点击它时，它应该启动一个网站，该网站是我们支持网站的链接。
我想使用任何jpg文件作为图标。
如果我把exe和jpg放在一起，图标应该看起来像jpg文件。
嗯。。。你要求它，所以这里有一个简单的可运行的小例子，我很快就把它命名为CornerLink.jar。当然，它都是用Java编写的，并且评论得很好，这样你就可以相对牢固地掌握正在发生的事情
它本身就是一个实体，运行在一个已安装的JVM上，这个星球上几乎每个人现在都在自己的系统中安装了JVM。为了能够运行，我们需要从一个批处理文件中启动它，我还在本文末尾提供了下面的文本代码（稍后会详细介绍这个文件）。
该应用程序当然是基于命令行的，总共包含9个命令行参数，可以提供这些参数使其看起来像您喜欢的样子，并将其定位在您想要的位置。前两个命令行参数是强制性的（必需的），但其他七个参数是可选的，因为有处理业务的默认参数。
命令行参数：
按钮图像路径（必需）默认值：无
（字符串）从本地文件系统或Web URL到将显示的图像的路径和文件名。图像是自动调整大小的。
Web链接（必需）默认值：无（字符串）要在默认web浏览器中显示的网页的http URL。
按钮大小（可选）默认值："100100"数字宽度、高度的字符串表示尺寸（即："75100"）
按钮位置（可选）默认值：屏幕右上角。屏幕大小是自动确定的。数字宽度、高度尺寸的字符串表示（即："650,20"）
边框颜色（可选）默认值：黑色（"#000000"）十六进制颜色值的字符串表示（即：红色："#FF0000"）
边框厚度（可选）默认值："1"Integer数据类型值的字符串表示形式（即："3"）。如果不需要边框，请提供"0"。
按钮不透明度（可选）默认值："1.0"浮点数据类型值的字符串表示形式（即："0.75"）。如果提供了'f'指示符，则会删除该指示符。
点击CTRL-ALT-C鼠标关闭（可选）默认值："true"布尔数据类型值的字符串表示（即："true"或"false"）要关闭屏幕上的Web链接按钮应用程序，您需要将鼠标指针移动到按钮上，然后同时按下控制键、ALT键和C键，然后单击鼠标左键。是的，我知道这似乎是一种古老的关闭方式，但话说回来，你永远不会看到按钮意外关闭：）
允许鼠标移动按钮（可选）默认值："false"布尔数据类型值的字符串表示（即："true"或"false"）
-
如果未提供按钮图像路径和/或Web链接，则此应用程序将不会运行。
-
所有命令行参数都必须用引号提供，并用空格隔开。
-
所有可选参数都包含默认值，因此不需要提供。但是，如果提供了可选参数，则必须为任何前面的可选参数提供某些内容，即使它只是一个空字符串（"）。
-
一个可选的命令行参数提供了一个空字符串（"），强制使用该参数的默认值。
这是可运行的代码：
package cornerlink;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Desktop;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.HeadlessException;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseMotionAdapter;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.Icon;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class CornerLink {
private static JFrame frame = new JFrame(); // globalize the button window Component
private static JLabel label = new JLabel(); // globalize the JLabel component holding the button image.
private static int keysValue = 0; // Use for determining if the CTRL-ALT-C buttons are depressed.
private static int xLoc = 0; // Used for optionally supplying a X axis location for the button.
private static int yLoc = 0; // Used for optionally supplying a Y axis location for the button.
// Command Line Options (in the same order)...
private static String buttonImage = ""; // Mandatory
private static String webLink = ""; // Mandatory
private static Dimension buttonSize = new Dimension(110,110); // Optional
private static Dimension buttonLocation = new Dimension(0,0); // Optional
private static Color borderColor = Color.BLACK; // Optional
private static int borderThickness = 1; // Optional
private static float buttonOpacity = 1.0f; // Optional
private static boolean closeOnCtrlAltCClick = true; // Optional
private static boolean allowMouseMove = false; // Optional
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Get and process the commandline arguments.
processCommandLineArguments(args);
// Build our button
setupGUI();
// Set mouse and keyboard listeners for gathering key
// combinations for closing, button movement, and mouse
// click for going to the web link supplied within the
//commandline.
setupAdapters();
}
private static void processCommandLineArguments(String[] args) {
try{
// Close if no Command Line Arguments are supplied. Must have at least
// 2 arguments, the Image Path and a Web Link. Others are optional.
if (args.length == 0) { System.exit(0); }
// The Image to display within button
if (args.length >= 1 && !args[0].equals("")) { buttonImage = args[0]; }
else { System.exit(0); }
// The web link to go to when image is clicked upon
if (args.length >= 2 && !args[1].equals("")) { webLink = args[1]; }
else { System.exit(0); }
// Button Size
if (args.length >= 3 && !args[2].equals("")) {
String[] bd = args[2].split(",");
buttonSize = new Dimension(Integer.valueOf(bd[0]), Integer.valueOf(bd[1]));
}
// Button Location
if (args.length >= 4 && !args[3].equals("")) {
String[] bl = args[3].split(",");
buttonLocation = new Dimension(Integer.valueOf(bl[0]), Integer.valueOf(bl[1]));
}
// The Border Color - Must be in Hex String format including Hash Mark (ie: "#FFCCFF").
// If the Hash mark is forgoten then it is automatically placed onto the Hex String.
if (args.length >= 5 && !args[4].equals("")) {
if (!args[4].substring(0, 1).equals("#")) { args[4] = "#" + args[4]; }
borderColor = Color.decode(args[4]);
}
// The Border Thickness
if (args.length >= 6 && !args[5].equals("")) { borderThickness = Integer.valueOf(args[5]); }
// The Button Opacity
if (args.length >= 7 && !args[6].equals("")) {
args[6] = args[6].replace("f", "");
buttonOpacity = Float.valueOf(args[6]);
}
// Allow the CTRL-ALT-C - Left Mouse Click sequence to close the button
if (args.length >= 8 && !args[7].equals("")) { closeOnCtrlAltCClick = args[7].equalsIgnoreCase("true"); }
// Allow the button to be dragged around the screen with mouse.
if (args.length >= 9 && !args[8].equals("")) { allowMouseMove = args[8].equalsIgnoreCase("true"); }
}
catch(Exception ex) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog (null, "Error Detected While Processing Command-Line!'n"
+ "Check Command-Line Parameters For Proper Format.'n'n" + ex.getMessage(),
"Command-Line Error", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
}
}
private static void setupGUI(){
// Get the working screen size. The dimensions retrieved here will
// be used to position our button on the top right corner of our
// working screen (by default) unless a button location is supplied
// within the commandline.
Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
// Establish a JPanel and set the layout manager. Our JLabel will be
// placed on this panel and will be automatically exploded to the same
// size.
JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
// Gather the supplied image determined from commandline, set it into
// the JLabel but resize the image to fit in JLabel first.
ImageIcon image;
try {
// Is it a Web URL to the desired Image...
if (buttonImage.startsWith("http")){
URL img = new URL(buttonImage);
image = new ImageIcon(img);
}
// If not then it must be from the local file system.
else {
image = new ImageIcon(buttonImage);
}
label.setIcon(resizeIcon(image, (buttonSize.width - borderThickness), (buttonSize.height - borderThickness)));
}
catch (MalformedURLException ex) {
// Get outta here if a bogus URL was provided.
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog (null, "Improper Image URL provided!",
"URL Error",JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
System.exit(0);
}
// Add the JLabel to our JPanel.
panel.add(label);
// Add the JPanel to our JFrame.
frame.add(panel);
// Set the size of our button (JFrame). Everything else will adjust
// in size to accomodate.
frame.setSize(buttonSize.width, buttonSize.height);
// Set the button location on screen. If button location dimensions
// we supplied in commandline then use that location otherwise use
// the default location (top-right).
if (buttonLocation.width == 0 && buttonLocation.height == 0) {
frame.setLocation((screenSize.width - frame.getWidth())-25, 25);
}
else {
frame.setLocation(buttonLocation.width, buttonLocation.height);
}
// Set the JFrame type to be UTILITY so that a Icon does
// not display within the Task Bar.
frame.setType(javax.swing.JFrame.Type.UTILITY);
// Set the JFrame type to NOT have a Title Bar
frame.setUndecorated(true);
// Set the button's opacity
frame.setOpacity(buttonOpacity);
// Set the Border for our Button
frame.getRootPane().setBorder(BorderFactory.createMatteBorder(borderThickness,
borderThickness, borderThickness, borderThickness, borderColor));
// Exit the application of frame close
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
// Make sure our button is always on top of everything else.
frame.setAlwaysOnTop(true);
// Display the button on screen...
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.validate();
}
private static void setupAdapters(){
// Open a Key Listener to detect key presses for
// closing the button window.
frame.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent evt) {
// Detect the CTRL-ALT-C keypress combination...
if ((evt.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_C) && ((evt.getModifiers() & KeyEvent.CTRL_MASK) != 0) &&
((evt.getModifiers() & KeyEvent.ALT_MASK) != 0)) {
keysValue = 1000;
}
else { keysValue = 0; }
}
});
// Open a Mouse Listener to detect a mouse button click
// on the displayed image so as to fire the supplied link
// or to close the button window if the proper key press
// sequence is established for closing.
label.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent evt) {
if (keysValue == 1000 && closeOnCtrlAltCClick == true && evt.getButton() == 1) { System.exit(0); }
if (!webLink.equals("") && evt.getButton() == 1) { gotoUrl(webLink, true, true); }
}
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent evt) {
xLoc = evt.getX();
yLoc = evt.getY();
}
});
// Open a Mouse Motion Listener to detect a mouse Drag
// on the displayed image so as to Move the image button.
label.addMouseMotionListener(new MouseMotionAdapter() {
@Override
public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent evt) {}
@Override
public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent evt) {
if (allowMouseMove) {
frame.setLocation(evt.getXOnScreen() - xLoc, evt.getYOnScreen() - yLoc);
}
}
});
}
// Use to resize the supplied ImageIcon to desired width and height.
private static Icon resizeIcon(ImageIcon icon, int resizedWidth, int resizedHeight) {
Image img = icon.getImage();
Image resizedImage = img.getScaledInstance(resizedWidth, resizedHeight, java.awt.Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
return new ImageIcon(resizedImage);
}
/**
* This method will check to see if there is Internet access on for the work station
* (computer) that initiated the call.
* @param urlPath Optional - http:// String - Default is: "http://www.google.com" -
* You can supply your own test URL but always use a test URL that you know will be continuously
* active and reliable. You can however also use the URL to your own Website to ensure it is active.<br>
* @return Boolean true if connection can be established to the test URL and boolean
* false if it can not.
*/
public static boolean isThereInternet(String... urlPath) {
String urlp = "http://www.google.com";
if (urlPath.length != 0) { if (urlPath[0].length() != 0) { urlp = urlPath[0]; } }
if (!doesUrlExist(urlp, false)) { return false; }
try {
final URL url = new URL(urlp);
final URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
conn.connect();
return true;
}
catch (MalformedURLException e) { return false; }
catch (IOException e) { return false; }
}
/**
* Opens the default web browser in any platform then goes to and displays the provided URL.
* If it is found that the supplied URL does not exist then a warning message is optionally
* displayed and the attempt to go to the provided URL is aborted.
* @param urlToGoTo The URL (internet address) to go to.<br>
* @param options Two Optional Parameters - Both are default true. Parameters are in the following order:<pre>
*
* <b><i>checkForInternet</i></b> - Default true. Checks to make sure an Internet Connection
* is available. If it is not then a Message is optionally
* displayed (see displayMessages parameter).
*
* <b><i>displayMessages</i></b> - Default true. If true will force this method to display
* warning messages with regards to No Internet Connection
* or URL Not Found or Network Error Codes. If false no
* messages are displayed.</pre>
*/
public static void gotoUrl(String urlToGoTo, boolean... options) {
boolean checkNet = true;
boolean doMsgs = true;
String errMsg = "";
if (options.length != 0) {
checkNet = options[0];
if (options.length == 2) { doMsgs = options[1]; }
}
if (checkNet) {
if (!isThereInternet()) {
if (doMsgs) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog (null, "No Internet Connection Detected! Check Your Network Connections.",
"GotoUrl() - No Internet Connection",JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);
}
return;
}
}
if (!doesUrlExist(urlToGoTo, doMsgs)) {
if (doMsgs) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog (null,"The Supplied URL Does Not Exist In Network!'n'n" + urlToGoTo,
"GotoUrl() - Address Not Found",JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);
}
return;
}
if(Desktop.isDesktopSupported()) {
Desktop desktop = Desktop.getDesktop();
try {
desktop.browse(new URI(urlToGoTo));
}
catch (IOException | URISyntaxException e) { errMsg = e.getMessage(); }
}
else {
Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
try {
runtime.exec("xdg-open " + urlToGoTo);
}
catch (IOException e) { errMsg = e.getMessage(); }
}
if (doMsgs && !"".equals(errMsg)) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog (null, "Error encountered while trying to display the supplied'n"
+ "URL in default Web Browser.'n'n"+ errMsg,
"GotoUrl() - Error Encountered",JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);
}
}
/**
* Test to see if the supplied network URL actually exists on the network (Internet),
* for example:<pre>
*
* Debug(DoesURLExist("http://www.google.trg")); // displays false in Output.
* Debug(DoesURLExist("http://www.google.com")); // displays true in Output.</pre><br>
*
* This method can also check to see if the URL to a specific file is valid or not, like perhaps
* the image on a web page or a file repository of sorts. Here is an example:<pre>
*
* Debug(DoesURLExist("http://www.picswalls.com/images/logo.png"));</pre><br>
*
* If the URL exists then boolean true is returned but if the URL doesn't exist then boolean
* false is returned. If the URL exists but there was an error loading the web page then a
* Response Code is issued by the web server and is detected by this method which in turn then
* forces a boolean false to be returned. A message is displayed indicating the error unless boolean
* false was supplied to the optional <font color=green><b>showResponseError</b></font> parameter.
* @param urlString The http:// or https:// URL to check.<br>
* @param showResponseError Optional - Boolean true or false - Default is <font color=blue><b>true</b></font> -
* Turns the Response Code Error display On or Off. True is ON and false is OFF.<br>
* @return
*/
public static boolean doesUrlExist(String urlString, boolean... showResponseError) {
if (urlString.equals("") || !urlString.matches("((http)[s]?(://).*)")) { return false; }
boolean showResponse = true;
if (showResponseError.length != 0) { showResponse = showResponseError[0]; }
try {
final URL url = new URL(urlString);
HttpURLConnection huc = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
int responseCode = huc.getResponseCode();
huc.disconnect();
//Does responseCode not equal 200 (which is the code for: OK)...
if (responseCode != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
if (showResponse) {
String msg = getResponseCodeString(responseCode);
msg = "There was a problem connecting to:'n'n" + urlString + "'n'n" +
"Response Code: [" + responseCode + "] - " + msg;
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog (null, msg, "Network Connection Error",JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);
}
return false;
}
return true;
}
catch (UnknownHostException | FileNotFoundException ex) { }
catch (IOException | HeadlessException e) { }
return false;
}
/**
* Response Codes are code numbers issued by a network server when connecting to an URL. This
* method will return the string description of the response code number supplied. This is
* handy if you want to connect to an Network URL but can and you want to find out why.
* @param codeNum The integer response code number received from server.<br>
* @return The string description for the response code number supplied.
*/
public static String getResponseCodeString(int codeNum) {
String strg;
switch (codeNum) {
case 100:
strg = "Informational - Continue";
break;
case 101:
strg = "Informational - Switching Protocols";
break;
case 200:
strg = "Success - OK";
break;
case 201:
strg = "Success - Created";
break;
case 202:
strg = "Success - Accepted";
break;
case 203:
strg = "Success - Non-Authoritative Information";
break;
case 204:
strg = "Success - No Content";
break;
case 205:
strg = "Success - Reset Content";
break;
case 206:
strg = "Success - Partial Content";
break;
case 300:
strg = "Redirection - Multiple Choices";
break;
case 301:
strg = "Redirection - Moved Permanently";
break;
case 302:
strg = "Redirection - Found";
break;
case 303:
strg = "Redirection - See Other";
break;
case 304:
strg = "Redirection - Not Modified";
break;
case 305:
strg = "Redirection - Use Proxy";
break;
case 306:
strg = "Redirection - (Unused)";
break;
case 307:
strg = "Redirection - Temporary Redirect";
break;
case 400:
strg = "Client Error - Bad Request";
break;
case 401:
strg = "Client Error - Unauthorized";
break;
case 402:
strg = "Client Error - Payment Required";
break;
case 403:
strg = "Client Error - Forbidden";
break;
case 404:
strg = "Client Error - Not Found";
break;
case 405:
strg = "Client Error - Method Not Allowed";
break;
case 406:
strg = "Client Error - Not Acceptable";
break;
case 407:
strg = "Client Error - Proxy Authentication Required";
break;
case 408:
strg = "Client Error - Request Timeout";
break;
case 409:
strg = "Client Error - Conflict";
break;
case 410:
strg = "Client Error - Gone";
break;
case 411:
strg = "Client Error - Length Required";
break;
case 412:
strg = "Client Error - Precondition Failed";
break;
case 413:
strg = "Client Error - Request Entity Too Large";
break;
case 414:
strg = "Client Error - Request-URI Too Long";
break;
case 415:
strg = "Client Error - Unsupported Media Type";
break;
case 416:
strg = "Client Error - Request Range Not Satisfiable";
break;
case 417:
strg = "Client Error - Expectation Failed";
break;
case 500:
strg = "Server Error - Internal Server Error";
break;
case 501:
strg = "Server Error - Not Implemented";
break;
case 502:
strg = "Server Error - Bad Gateway";
break;
case 503:
strg = "Server Error - Service Unavailable";
break;
case 504:
strg = "Server Error - Gateway Timeout";
break;
case 505:
strg = "Server Error - HTTP Version Not Supported";
break;
default:
strg = "Unknown Response";
}
return strg;
}
}
下一篇继续
这里是在JVM上运行Jar文件的批处理文件文本。您会注意到，我已经提供了一个指向按钮图像的web链接作为第一个命令行参数，并且我提供了一条指向www.google.com的web链接，作为第二个命令行自变量。当点击屏幕上的按钮时，系统默认的网络浏览器将打开，并显示谷歌搜索。
在批处理文件中实际上只有一行可以启动应用程序。所有其他行均为注释行：
::COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS (in presented order)
::=========================================
::Button Image Path (REQUIRED)
::Default: None
::(String) Path from local file system OR Web URL to the image which will be displayed. Image is auto sized.
::Web-Link (REQUIRED)
::Default: None
::(String) The http URL to the web page to display within the default web browser.
::Button Size (Optional)
::Default: "100,100"
::String representation of numerical width,height Dimension (ie: "75,100")
::Button Location (Optional)
::Default: Top Right corner of screen. Screen size is auto determined.
::String representation of numerical width,height Dimension (ie: "650,20")
::Border Color (Optional)
::Default: Black ("#000000")
::String representation of a Hex Color value (ie: for red: "#FF0000")
::Border Thickness (Optional)
::Default: "1"
::String representation of a Integer data type value (ie: "3")
::If you want no border then supply "0".
::Button Opacity (Optional)
::Default: "1.0"
::String representation of a Float data type value (ie: "0.75"). The 'f' designator is removed if supplied.
::Close On CTRL-ALT-C-Mouse Click (Optional)
::Default: "true"
::String representation of a Boolean data type value (ie: "true" or "false")
::Allow Mouse To Move Button (Optional)
::Default: "false"
::String representation of a Boolean data type value (ie: "true" or "false")
::- If the Button Image Path and or the Web-Link is not supplied then this application will not run.
::- All command-line parameters must be supplied within quotation marks and separated by a whitespace.
::- All optional parameters contain default values and therefore do not need to be supplied however if
:: a optional parameter is supplied then something must be supplied for any preceeding optional parameters
:: even if it's just a null string ("").
::- An optional commandline parameter that is supplied a null string ("") forces a default for that parameter to be used.
::Start the Web-Link Image Button:
start javaw.exe -jar "CornerLink.jar" "http://www.radiatorwholesalers.com.au/images/clickforHelp_btn.gif" "http://www.google.com" "120,20" "" "" "0" "" "" "true"
exit
我希望这对你有所帮助。
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