使用箭头键浏览列表?(JavaScript/JQ)

Navigate through list using arrow keys? (JavaScript/JQ)

本文关键字:JavaScript JQ 列表 浏览      更新时间:2023-09-26

我似乎找不到如何实现这一点的答案,但这是我见过好几次的功能。本质上,我是在回显一个列表,我想创建使用箭头键/回车键突出显示和选择这些项目的功能。有人能帮我想一想如何才能做到这一点吗?我知道如何使用键代码(当然),只是不知道如何将其转化为选择列表中项目的功能代码。。。

我在想,也许我必须有某种隐藏的单选按钮来标记它是否被选中。。。但即便如此,我也不知道如何在列表中从一个单选按钮跳到另一个。所以,如果有人能帮我一把,我真的很感激。谢谢。

由于您没有真正解释您遇到的问题,我只是创建了一个通用解决方案。希望这能有所帮助:

var li = $('li');
var liSelected;
$(window).keydown(function(e) {
    if(e.which === 40) {
        if(liSelected) {
            liSelected.removeClass('selected');
            next = liSelected.next();
            if(next.length > 0) {
                liSelected = next.addClass('selected');
            } else {
                liSelected = li.eq(0).addClass('selected');
            }
        } else {
            liSelected = li.eq(0).addClass('selected');
        }
    } else if(e.which === 38) {
        if(liSelected) {
            liSelected.removeClass('selected');
            next = liSelected.prev();
            if(next.length > 0) {
                liSelected = next.addClass('selected');
            } else {
                liSelected = li.last().addClass('selected');
            }
        } else {
            liSelected = li.last().addClass('selected');
        }
    }
});

JSFiddle:http://jsfiddle.net/Vtn5Y/

我的原生JavaScript 示例

var ul = document.getElementById('list');
var liSelected;
var index = -1;
document.addEventListener('keydown', function(event) {
    var len = ul.getElementsByTagName('li').length-1;
    
    // DOWN ARROW 
    if(event.which === 40) {
        index++;
        if (liSelected) {
            removeClass(liSelected, 'selected');
            next = ul.getElementsByTagName('li')[index];
            if(typeof next !== undefined && index <= len) {
                liSelected = next;
            }
            else {
                index = 0;
                liSelected = ul.getElementsByTagName('li')[0];
            }
            addClass(liSelected, 'selected');
            console.log(index);
        }
        else {
            index = 0;
            liSelected = ul.getElementsByTagName('li')[0];
            addClass(liSelected, 'selected');
        }
    }
    // UP ARROW
    else if (event.which === 38) {
        if (liSelected) {
            removeClass(liSelected, 'selected');
            index--;
            next = ul.getElementsByTagName('li')[index];
            if(typeof next !== undefined && index >= 0) {
                liSelected = next;
            }
            else {
                index = len;
                liSelected = ul.getElementsByTagName('li')[len];
            }
            addClass(liSelected, 'selected');
        }
        else {
            index = 0;
            liSelected = ul.getElementsByTagName('li')[len];
            addClass(liSelected, 'selected');
        }
    }
}, false);
function removeClass(el, className) {
    if(el.classList) {
        el.classList.remove(className);
    } else {
        el.className = el.className.replace(new RegExp('(^|''b)' + className.split(' ').join('|') + '(''b|$)', 'gi'), ' ');
    }
};
function addClass(el, className) {
    if(el.classList) {
        el.classList.add(className);
    } else {
        el.className += ' ' + className;
    }
};
li.selected {background:yellow}
<ul id="list">
    <li>Item 1</li>
    <li>Item 2</li>
    <li>Item 3</li>
    <li>Item 4</li>
</ul>

https://jsfiddle.net/m6watqpe/

2020更新

如果有人想在Vue.js中这样做,我在必要的时候添加了下面的代码和注释,其余的都是不言自明的

HTML

<script type="text/x-template" id="list">
  <div id="list-container" ref="root">
    <div v-for="item in items" :key="item.id" class="list-item" :class="item.id === selectedId ? 'selected': ''" @click="select(item.id)">
      {{item.value}}
    </div>
  </div>
</script>
<div id="app">
  <list></list>
</div>

CSS

* {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}
html {
  height: 100%;
}
body {
  height: 100%;
  min-height: 100%;
  padding: 1rem;
  font-family: 'Tahoma', sans-serif;
}
.list-item {
  padding: 1rem 0.25rem;
}
.selected {
  background: lightyellow;
}

JS

const items = new Array(100).fill(null).map((item, index) => {
  return { id: index, value: "Item " + index };
});
// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5685589/scroll-to-element-only-if-not-in-view-jquery
function scrollIntoViewIfNeeded(target) {
    var rect = target.getBoundingClientRect();
    if (rect.bottom > window.innerHeight) {
        target.scrollIntoView(false);
    }
    if (rect.top < 0) {
        target.scrollIntoView();
    } 
}
Vue.component("list", {
  template: "#list",
  data() {
    return {
      items,
      selectedId: 0
    };
  },
  methods: {
    select(itemId) {
      this.selectedId = itemId;
      scrollIntoViewIfNeeded(this.$refs.root.children[itemId])
      // this.$refs.root.children[item.id].scrollIntoView({ behavior: "smooth" });
    },
    handleKeyDown(event) {
      switch (event.keyCode) {
        // In case of left arrow key move to the last item
        case 37:
          if (this.selectedId > 0) {
            this.select(this.selectedId - 1);
          }
          // Prevent the default scroll event from firing
          event.preventDefault();
          break;
        // In case of up arrow key, move to the last item
        case 38:
          if (this.selectedId > 0) {
            this.select(this.selectedId - 1);
          }
          event.preventDefault();
          break;
        // In case of right arrow key, move to the next item
        case 39:
          if (this.selectedId < this.items.length - 1) {
            this.select(this.selectedId + 1);
          }
          event.preventDefault();
          break;
        // In case of down arrow key, move to the next item
        case 40:
          if (this.selectedId < this.items.length - 1) {
            this.select(this.selectedId + 1);
          }
          event.preventDefault();
          break;
      }
    }
  },
  mounted() {
    window.addEventListener("keydown", this.handleKeyDown);
  },
  destroyed() {
    window.removeEventListener("keydown", this.handleKeyDown);
  }
});
new Vue({
  el: "#app"
});

这可能取决于浏览器。它似乎只有在无线电输入相邻的情况下才能工作(标签也可以)。

<input type="radio" ... /> 
<input type="radio" ... />
<input type="radio" ... />

但这将破坏Firefox和其他浏览器的无线电导航:

<div><input type="radio" ... /> ... </div>
<div><input type="radio" ... /> ... </div>

只要你想让一些东西比简单的列表(类别…)更复杂,这就很烦人。