for循环中的动态变量名

Dynamic variable names in a for loop

本文关键字:动态 变量名 循环 for      更新时间:2023-09-26

我正在处理一个表单,该表单需要用cookie中的值填充。表单元素的id与cookie名称相对应:

<label>ABC: </label>
<input type="text" id="ABC" />
<br />
<label>DEF: </label>
<input type="text" id="DEF" />
<br />
<label>GHI: </label>
<input type="text" id="GHI" />
<br />
<label>JKL: </label>
<input type="text" id="JKL" />
<br />

最初,我只是写了一个单独的片段来获取每个表单的cookie值:

  var ABCdata = getCookie("ABC");
  var ABCfield = document.getElementById('ABC');
  ABCfield.value = ABCdata; 
  var DEFdata = getCookie("DEF");
  var DEFfield = document.getElementById('DEF');
  DEFfield.value = DEFdata;
  var GHIdata = getCookie("GHI");
  var GHIfield = document.getElementById('GHI');
  GHIfield.value = GHIdata;
  var JKLdata = getCookie("JKL");
  var JKLfield = document.getElementById('JKL');
  JKLfield.value = JKLdata; 

但后来我想把它重写为数组和循环:

var cookienames = new Array();
cookienames[0] = "ABC";
cookienames[1] = "DEF";
cookienames[2] = "GHI";
cookienames[3] = "JKL";
for (var i=0; i<cookienames.length; i++) {
var cookienames[i]+"data" = getCookie(cookienames[i]);
var cookienames[i]+"field" = document.getElementById(cookienames[i]);
cookienames[i]+"field".value = cookienames[i]+"data";
}

不知怎的,数组解决方案不起作用:表单字段没有填充数据。我怀疑,应该归咎于动态变量名。

处理这个问题的正确方法是什么?

你试过这个吗:

document.getElementById(cookienames[i]).value = getCookie(cookienames[i]);

循环中不需要使用不同的变量。尝试简单的

var cookienames = ["ABC", "DEF", "GHI", "JKL"],
    field,
    data, 
    cn;
for (var i = 0, cl = cookienames.length; i < cl; i++) {
   cn = cookienames[i];                  // get cookie name
   data = getCookie(cn);                 // read cookie value
   field = document.getElementById(cn);  // retrieve field
   field.value = data;                   // set field value
}

(附带说明一下,以前缓存数组的长度是一种很好的做法)

不能通过这种方式使用var关键字动态"创建"变量。

但是由于每个全局变量都是window的一个属性,所以可以这样做:

window[cookienames[i]+"data"] = getCookie(cookienames[i]);

不知道为什么要使用中间变量,这应该可以使用

var cookienames = new Array();
cookienames[0] = "ABC";
cookienames[1] = "DEF";
cookienames[2] = "GHI";
cookienames[3] = "JKL";
for (var i=0; i<cookienames.length; i++) {
  var data = getCookie(cookienames[i]);
  document.getElementById(cookienames[i]).value = data;
}