如何防止力有向图中链接的重叠
how to prevent overlapping of link in force directed graph?
我遵循力有向图。如何防止力有向图中连杆(线)的重叠。预期输出应该是这样的这一点。当前JSON数据不包含任何父子关系。
下面是我的代码:
var width = 960,
height = 500;
var color = d3.scale.category20();
var force = d3.layout.force()
.charge(-120)
.linkDistance(30)
.size([width, height]);
var svg = d3.select("body").append("svg")
.attr("width", width)
.attr("height", height);
var graph = {
"nodes":[
{"name":"Myriel","group":1},
{"name":"Napoleon","group":1},
{"name":"Mlle.Baptistine","group":1},
{"name":"Mme.Magloire","group":1},
{"name":"CountessdeLo","group":1},
{"name":"Geborand","group":1},
{"name":"Champtercier","group":1},
{"name":"Cravatte","group":1},
{"name":"Count","group":1},
{"name":"OldMan","group":1},
{"name":"Labarre","group":2},
{"name":"Valjean","group":2},
{"name":"Marguerite","group":3},
{"name":"Mme.deR","group":2},
{"name":"Isabeau","group":2},
{"name":"Gervais","group":2},
{"name":"Tholomyes","group":3},
{"name":"Listolier","group":3},
{"name":"Fameuil","group":3},
{"name":"Blacheville","group":3},
{"name":"Favourite","group":3},
{"name":"Dahlia","group":3},
{"name":"Zephine","group":3},
{"name":"Fantine","group":3},
{"name":"Mme.Thenardier","group":4},
{"name":"Thenardier","group":4},
{"name":"Cosette","group":5},
{"name":"Javert","group":4},
{"name":"Fauchelevent","group":0},
{"name":"Bamatabois","group":2},
{"name":"Perpetue","group":3},
{"name":"Simplice","group":2},
{"name":"Scaufflaire","group":2},
{"name":"Woman1","group":2},
{"name":"Judge","group":2},
{"name":"Champmathieu","group":2},
{"name":"Brevet","group":2},
{"name":"Chenildieu","group":2},
{"name":"Cochepaille","group":2},
{"name":"Pontmercy","group":4},
{"name":"Boulatruelle","group":6},
{"name":"Eponine","group":4},
{"name":"Anzelma","group":4},
{"name":"Woman2","group":5},
{"name":"MotherInnocent","group":0},
{"name":"Gribier","group":0},
{"name":"Jondrette","group":7},
{"name":"Mme.Burgon","group":7},
{"name":"Gavroche","group":8},
{"name":"Gillenormand","group":5},
{"name":"Magnon","group":5},
{"name":"Mlle.Gillenormand","group":5},
{"name":"Mme.Pontmercy","group":5},
{"name":"Mlle.Vaubois","group":5},
{"name":"Lt.Gillenormand","group":5},
{"name":"Marius","group":8},
{"name":"BaronessT","group":5},
{"name":"Mabeuf","group":8},
{"name":"Enjolras","group":8},
{"name":"Combeferre","group":8},
{"name":"Prouvaire","group":8},
{"name":"Feuilly","group":8},
{"name":"Courfeyrac","group":8},
{"name":"Bahorel","group":8},
{"name":"Bossuet","group":8},
{"name":"Joly","group":8},
{"name":"Grantaire","group":8},
{"name":"MotherPlutarch","group":9},
{"name":"Gueulemer","group":4},
{"name":"Babet","group":4},
{"name":"Claquesous","group":4},
{"name":"Montparnasse","group":4},
{"name":"Toussaint","group":5},
{"name":"Child1","group":10},
{"name":"Child2","group":10},
{"name":"Brujon","group":4},
{"name":"Mme.Hucheloup","group":8}
],
"links":[
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]
}
//d3.json("miserables.json", function(error, graph) {
force
.nodes(graph.nodes)
.links(graph.links)
.start();
var link = svg.selectAll(".link")
.data(graph.links)
.enter().append("line")
.attr("class", "link")
.style("stroke-width", function(d) { return Math.sqrt(d.value); });
var node = svg.selectAll(".node")
.data(graph.nodes)
.enter().append("circle")
.attr("class", "node")
.attr("r", 5)
.style("fill", function(d) { return color(d.group); })
.call(force.drag);
node.append("title")
.text(function(d) { return d.name; });
force.on("tick", function() {
link.attr("x1", function(d) { return d.source.x; })
.attr("y1", function(d) { return d.source.y; })
.attr("x2", function(d) { return d.target.x; })
.attr("y2", function(d) { return d.target.y; });
node.attr("cx", function(d) { return d.x; })
.attr("cy", function(d) { return d.y; });
});
//});.node {
stroke: #fff;
stroke-width: 1.5px;
}
.link {
stroke: #999;
stroke-opacity: .6;
}<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/3.4.0/d3.min.js"></script>如果你所说的重叠是指两个节点之间的多个链接，那么它们可以通过将它们绘制成曲率增加的弧线来解决，从而在视觉上将它们分开。
如果你说的重叠是指边交叉，那么只有当你的图是平面的- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planarity_testing -看看你的图，它不是-至少有两个几乎完全连通的子图。你需要一个图形布局算法，专门尝试减少边交叉，坏消息是，这是一个np完全问题
Crossing Number is NP-Complete: DOI:10.1137/0604033https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossing_number_ (graph_theory)
一些技术可以通过将完全子图的边集替换为融合边或母图来应用于完全子图，但这是进入图绘制研究的一步:没有简单的答案
合流绘图:以平面方式显示非平面图表DOI: 10.1007/978 - 3 - 540 - 24595 - 7 - _1
主题简化:提高网络可视化扇形、连接器和团形的可读性DOI: 10.1145/2470654.2466444
简而言之，唯一保证不出现边交叉的方法就是不画边。也许可以试试矩阵式的图形可视化?——https://bost.ocks.org/mike/miserables/
我想留下评论，但我没有足够的声誉，所以我"回答"-对不起，这不是一个回答…
期望输出的示例是一个树/非循环的，它或多或少神奇地解决了重叠链接的问题。你可以从Mike Bostock (http://bl.ocks.org/mbostock/1062288)的这个例子中看到，由于数据是树状的，所以没有太多的链接重叠。
所以…
如果您的数据是树，您可能很幸运，链接重叠可能不是问题。您将注意到，Bostock示例中的重叠发生在兄弟节点具有不同的链接距离时(导致侄女/侄子——姑姑/叔叔链接重叠)。控制链接距离(也许使它们成为树深度的函数，在根附近有更长的链接)，我认为将防止树中的任何重叠。
如果你的数据有循环(就像悲惨世界的数据)，防止重叠要复杂得多，而且不会自己排序。就像其他人说的，我不认为任何D3布局是可能的。
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