对称差分的递归函数

Recursive function for symmetric difference

本文关键字:递归函数 对称      更新时间:2023-09-26

我创建了一个函数来计算作为参数传递的数组之间的对称差。我对两个数组做了这样的处理,并且成功了。现在的问题是我想把这个函数扩展到n个变量。我认为我应该计算符号差,如果参数。函数的长度等于2,否则我应该调用递归函数来计算其他元素和前两个元素之间的符号差?我不知道,我很困惑。

function sym(args) {
  var arr=[].slice.call(arguments);
  var cnts={};
  var result=[];
  if(arguments.length==2){
    arr=arguments[0].concat(arguments[1]);
    console.log(arr);
    for(var number in arr){
      if(cnts.hasOwnProperty(arr[number])){
         ++cnts[arr[number]].cnt;
       }
      else   cnts[arr[number]]={cnt:1,val:arr[number]};
     }
     for(var counts in cnts){
        if(cnts[counts].cnt===1) result.push(cnts[counts].val);
      }
    }
    else{  
      var first=arguments[0];
      var nextDiff=function(next){
        return ...........?????????;
      }; 
     }  
  return result;
}
sym([1, 2, 5], [2, 3, 5], [3, 4, 5]);

这里有两个关键的见解。首先是

sym_diff(A1, A2, ..., An) === sym_diff(sym_diff(A1, A2), A3, ..., An)

这是由对称差是结合式并允许我们递归这一事实得出的

第二个是

sym_diff(A, B) === diff(A, B) ++ diff(B, A)

其中++表示并集,diff表示通常的相对差。

因此

:

function sym_diff() {
    // Convert the passed arguments to an array for convenience
    let args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
    // This is an example of an immediately-invoked function expression 
    // (IIFE). Basically, we define a function and then immediately call it (see * below)
    // in one go and return the result
    return (function sym_diff(a, b) {
        // a: the first argument
        // b: an array containing the rest of the arguments
        if (!b.length) {
            // If only a is given, return a if is an array, undefined otherwise
            return Array.isArray(a) ? a : undefined;
        }
        else if (b.length === 1) {
            // Define a function that takes two arrays s and t, and returns
            // those elements of s that are not in t. This is an 
            // example of arrow notation`
            let diff = (s, t) => s.filter(i => t.indexOf(i) === -1);
            // Use the second insight to compute the sym_diff of a and
            // b[0]
            return diff(a, b[0]).concat(diff(b[0], a));
        }
        else {
            // Use the first insight to recursively compute the sym_diff
            // We pass [b[0]] because sym_diff expects an array of arrays as the second argument
            // b.slice(1) gives all of b except the first element
            return sym_diff(sym_diff(a, [b[0]]), b.slice(1));
        }
    })(args[0], args.slice(1)); //* Here is where we pass the arguments to the IIFE
}