在Angular单元测试中应该如何处理运行块?

我的理解是，当你在Angular单元测试中加载模块时，run块会被调用。

我认为，如果您正在测试一个组件，您不会希望同时测试run块，因为单元测试应该只测试一个单元。这是真的吗?

如果是，是否有办法阻止run块运行?我的研究使我认为答案是"不"，并且run块总是在模块加载时运行，但也许有一种方法可以覆盖这一点。如果没有，我如何测试run块?

块运行:

function run(Auth, $cookies, $rootScope) {
  $rootScope.user = {};
  Auth.getCurrentUser();
}

Auth.getCurrentUser:

getCurrentUser: function() {
  // user is logged in
  if (Object.keys($rootScope.user).length > 0) {
    return $q.when($rootScope.user);
  }
  // user is logged in, but page has been refreshed and $rootScope.user is lost
  if ($cookies.get('userId')) {
    return $http.get('/current-user')
      .then(function(response) {
        angular.copy(response.data, $rootScope.user);
        return $rootScope.user;
      })
    ;
  }
  // user isn't logged in
  else  {
    return $q.when({});
  }
}

auth.factory.spec.js

describe('Auth Factory', function() {
  var Auth, $httpBackend, $rootScope, $cookies, $q;
  var user = {
    username: 'a',
    password: 'password',
  };
  var response = {
    _id: 1,
    local: {
      username: 'a',
      role: 'user'
    }
  };
  function isPromise(el) {
    return !!el.$$state;
  }
  beforeEach(module('mean-starter', 'ngCookies', 'templates'));
  beforeEach(inject(function(_Auth_, _$httpBackend_, _$rootScope_, _$cookies_, _$q_) {
    Auth = _Auth_;
    $httpBackend = _$httpBackend_;
    $rootScope = _$rootScope_;
    $cookies = _$cookies_;
    $q = _$q_;
  }));
  afterEach(function() {
    $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingExpectation();
    $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingRequest();
  });
  it('#signup', function() {
    $rootScope.user = {};
    $httpBackend.expectPOST('/users', user).respond(response);
    spyOn(angular, 'copy').and.callThrough();
    spyOn($cookies, 'put').and.callThrough();
    var retVal = Auth.signup(user);
    $httpBackend.flush();
    expect(angular.copy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(response, $rootScope.user);
    expect($cookies.put).toHaveBeenCalledWith('userId', 1);
    expect(isPromise(retVal)).toBe(true);
  });
  it('#login', function() {
    $rootScope.user = {};
    $httpBackend.expectPOST('/login', user).respond(response);
    spyOn(angular, 'copy').and.callThrough();
    spyOn($cookies, 'put').and.callThrough();
    var retVal = Auth.login(user);
    $httpBackend.flush();
    expect(angular.copy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(response, $rootScope.user);
    expect($cookies.put).toHaveBeenCalledWith('userId', 1);
    expect(isPromise(retVal)).toBe(true);
  });
  it('#logout', function() {
    $httpBackend.expectGET('/logout').respond();
    spyOn(angular, 'copy').and.callThrough();
    spyOn($cookies, 'remove');
    Auth.logout();
    $httpBackend.flush();
    expect(angular.copy).toHaveBeenCalledWith({}, $rootScope.user);
    expect($cookies.remove).toHaveBeenCalledWith('userId');
  });
  describe('#getCurrentUser', function() {
    it('User is logged in', function() {
      $rootScope.user = response;
      spyOn($q, 'when').and.callThrough();
      var retVal = Auth.getCurrentUser();
      expect($q.when).toHaveBeenCalledWith($rootScope.user);
      expect(isPromise(retVal)).toBe(true);
    });
    it('User is logged in but page has been refreshed', function() {
      $cookies.put('userId', 1);
      $httpBackend.expectGET('/current-user').respond(response);
      spyOn(angular, 'copy').and.callThrough();
      var retVal = Auth.getCurrentUser();
      $httpBackend.flush();
      expect(angular.copy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(response, $rootScope.user);
      expect(isPromise(retVal)).toBe(true);
    });
    it("User isn't logged in", function() {
      $rootScope.user = {};
      $cookies.remove('userId');
      spyOn($q, 'when').and.callThrough();
      var retVal = Auth.getCurrentUser();
      expect($q.when).toHaveBeenCalledWith({});
      expect(isPromise(retVal)).toBe(true);
    });
  });
});

---

尝试1:

beforeEach(module('mean-starter', 'ngCookies', 'templates'));
beforeEach(inject(function(_Auth_, _$httpBackend_, _$rootScope_, _$cookies_, _$q_) {
  Auth = _Auth_;
  $httpBackend = _$httpBackend_;
  $rootScope = _$rootScope_;
  $cookies = _$cookies_;
  $q = _$q_;
}));
beforeEach(function() {
  spyOn(Auth, 'getCurrentUser');
});
afterEach(function() {
  expect(Auth.getCurrentUser).toHaveBeenCalled();
  $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingExpectation();
  $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingRequest();
});

这行不通。run块在模块加载时运行，因此Auth.getCurrentUser()在spy设置之前被调用。

Expected spy getCurrentUser to have been called.

---

尝试2:

beforeEach(inject(function(_Auth_, _$httpBackend_, _$rootScope_, _$cookies_, _$q_) {
  Auth = _Auth_;
  $httpBackend = _$httpBackend_;
  $rootScope = _$rootScope_;
  $cookies = _$cookies_;
  $q = _$q_;
}));
beforeEach(function() {
  spyOn(Auth, 'getCurrentUser');
});
beforeEach(module('mean-starter', 'ngCookies', 'templates'));
afterEach(function() {
  expect(Auth.getCurrentUser).toHaveBeenCalled();
  $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingExpectation();
  $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingRequest();
});

这不起作用，因为Auth不能在我的应用模块加载之前被注入。

Error: [$injector:unpr] Unknown provider: AuthProvider <- Auth

---

尝试3:

正如你所看到的，这里有一个先有鸡还是先有蛋的问题。我需要在模块加载之前注入Auth并设置spy，但是我不能，因为Auth无法在模块加载之前注入。

这篇博文提到了先有鸡还是先有蛋的问题，并提供了一个有趣的潜在解决方案。作者建议我应该在加载模块之前使用$provide 手动创建我的Auth服务。因为我是在创建服务，而不是注入它，所以我可以在模块被加载之前创建服务，这样我就可以设置spy了。然后，当模块被加载时，它将使用这个创建的模拟服务。

下面是他的示例代码:

describe('example', function () {
    var loggingService;
    beforeEach(function () {
        module('example', function ($provide) {
            $provide.value('loggingService', {
                start: jasmine.createSpy()
            });
        });
        inject(function (_loggingService_) {
            loggingService = _loggingService_;
        });
    });
    it('should start logging service', function() {
        expect(loggingService.start).toHaveBeenCalled();
    });
});

问题是，我需要我的Auth服务!我只想在run块中使用mock;我需要我真正的Auth服务在其他地方，所以我可以测试它。

我想我可以使用$provide创建实际的Auth服务，但感觉不对。

---

最后一个问题-无论我最终使用什么代码来处理这个run块问题，是否有一种方法可以让我将其提取出来，这样我就不必为我的每个规范文件重新编写它?我能想到的唯一方法就是使用某种全局函数。

---

auth.factory.js

angular
  .module('mean-starter')
  .factory('Auth', Auth)
;
function Auth($http, $state, $window, $cookies, $q, $rootScope) {
  return {
    signup: function(user) {
      return $http
        .post('/users', user)
        .then(function(response) {
          angular.copy(response.data, $rootScope.user);
          $cookies.put('userId', response.data._id);
          $state.go('home');
        })
      ;
    },
    login: function(user) {
      return $http
        .post('/login', user)
        .then(function(response) {
          angular.copy(response.data, $rootScope.user);
          $cookies.put('userId', response.data._id);
          $state.go('home');
        })
      ;
    },
    logout: function() {
      $http
        .get('/logout')
        .then(function() {
          angular.copy({}, $rootScope.user);
          $cookies.remove('userId');
          $state.go('home');
        })
        .catch(function() {
          console.log('Problem logging out.');
        })
      ;
    },
    getCurrentUser: function() {
      // user is logged in
      if (Object.keys($rootScope.user).length > 0) {
        return $q.when($rootScope.user);
      }
      // user is logged in, but page has been refreshed and $rootScope.user is lost
      if ($cookies.get('userId')) {
        return $http.get('/current-user')
          .then(function(response) {
            angular.copy(response.data, $rootScope.user);
            return $rootScope.user;
          })
        ;
      }
      // user isn't logged in
      else  {
        return $q.when({});
      }
    }
  };
}

---

编辑-尝试失败+尝试成功:

beforeEach(module('auth'));
beforeEach(inject(function(_Auth_) {
  Auth = _Auth_;
  spyOn(Auth, 'requestCurrentUser');
}));
beforeEach(module('mean-starter', 'ngCookies', 'templates'));
beforeEach(inject(function(_Auth_, _$httpBackend_, _$rootScope_, _$cookies_, _$q_) {
  // Auth = _Auth_;
  $httpBackend = _$httpBackend_;
  $rootScope = _$rootScope_;
  $cookies = _$cookies_;
  $q = _$q_;
}));
// beforeEach(function() {
//   spyOn(Auth, 'getCurrentUser');
// });
afterEach(function() {
  expect(Auth.getCurrentUser).toHaveBeenCalled();
  $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingExpectation();
  $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingRequest();
});

我不知道为什么这不会工作(独立于使用inject两次的问题)。

我试图绕过必须使用$provide，因为最初对我来说感觉很hacky/奇怪。经过更多的思考，我现在觉得$provide很好，按照你的建议使用mock-auth是非常棒的!!都对我有用。

在auth.factory.spec.js中，我刚刚加载了auth模块(我称之为auth，而不是mean-auth)，而没有加载mean-starter。这没有run块问题，因为该模块没有run块代码，但它允许我测试我的Auth工厂。在其他地方，这是有效的:

beforeEach(module('mean-starter', 'templates', function($provide) {
  $provide.value('Auth', {
    requestCurrentUser: jasmine.createSpy()
  });
}));

神奇的mock-auth解决方案也是如此:

auth.factory.mock.js

angular
  .module('mock-auth', [])
  .factory('Auth', Auth)
;
function Auth() {
  return {
    requestCurrentUser: jasmine.createSpy()
  };
}

user.service.spec.js

beforeEach(module('mean-starter', 'mock-auth', 'templates'));

angular.module('mean-starter', ['ngCookies'])
  .factory('Auth', function($cookies) {
    ...
  });
  .run(function(Auth, $rootScope) {
    ...
  });

angular.module('mean-auth', ['ngCookies'])
  .factory('Auth', function() {
    ...
  });
angular.module('mean-starter', ['mean-auth'])
  .run(function(Auth, $rootScope) {
    ...
  });

module('mean-starter', function ($provide) {
  $provide.value('Auth', {
    getCurrentUser: jasmine.createSpy()
  });
});

angular.module('mock-auth', [])
 .factory('Auth', function() {
   return {
     getCurrentUser: jasmine.createSpy()
   };
 });

module('mean-starter', 'mock-auth');