包括CSS和Javascript在我的django模板

Include CSS and Javascript in my django template

本文关键字:我的 django 模板 Javascript CSS 包括      更新时间:2023-09-26

我是Django 1.5的新手,我已经学习了一些基本的东西。我的问题是,我不能包括css和javascript在我的模板。我读过关于它的文档,但正如我所说的。我是一个新手,我不能理解清楚。请帮助我知道一步一步的过程,包括css和javascript在我的基地。djhtml模板。谢谢。

This is my settings.py

    # Django settings for myweblab project.
    DEBUG = True
    TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG
    import os.path
    PROJECT_DIR = os.path.dirname(__file__)
    ADMINS = (
        # ('Your Name', 'your_email@example.com'),
    )
    MANAGERS = ADMINS
    DATABASES = {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
            'NAME': 'myweblabdev',                      # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
            # The following settings are not used with sqlite3:
            'USER': '',
            'PASSWORD': '',
            'HOST': '',                      # Empty for localhost through domain sockets or '127.0.0.1' for localhost through TCP.
            'PORT': '',                      # Set to empty string for default.
        }
    }
    # Hosts/domain names that are valid for this site; required if DEBUG is False
    # See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.5/ref/settings/#allowed-hosts
    ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
    # Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
    # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_zones_by_name
    # although not all choices may be available on all operating systems.
    # In a Windows environment this must be set to your system time zone.
    TIME_ZONE = 'America/Chicago'
    # Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
    # http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html
    LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
    SITE_ID = 1
    # If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as not
    # to load the internationalization machinery.
    USE_I18N = True
    # If you set this to False, Django will not format dates, numbers and
    # calendars according to the current locale.
    USE_L10N = True
    # If you set this to False, Django will not use timezone-aware datetimes.
    USE_TZ = True
    # Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold user-uploaded files.
    # Example: "/var/www/example.com/media/"
    MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR, 'media')
    # URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
    # trailing slash.
    # Examples: "http://example.com/media/", "http://media.example.com/"
    MEDIA_URL = 'http://localhost:8000/media/'
    # Absolute path to the directory static files should be collected to.
    # Don't put anything in this directory yourself; store your static files
    # in apps' "static/" subdirectories and in STATICFILES_DIRS.
    # Example: "/var/www/example.com/static/"
    STATIC_ROOT = ''
    # URL prefix for static files.
    # Example: "http://example.com/static/", "http://static.example.com/"
    STATIC_URL = '/static/'
    # Additional locations of static files
    CURRENT_PATH = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)).decode('utf-8'))
    STATICFILES_DIRS = (
        os.path.join(CURRENT_PATH, 'media'),
        # Put strings here, like "/home/html/static" or "C:/www/django/static".
        # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
        # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
    )

    # List of finder classes that know how to find static files in
    # various locations.
    STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
        'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
        'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
    #    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.DefaultStorageFinder',
    )
    # Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody.
    SECRET_KEY = '1k38*$@ig616^xg#hy=n+yz-e9))s@_x-uq1pp%6xh!89m_r9('
    # List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
    TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
        'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
        'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
    #     'django.template.loaders.eggs.Loader',
    )
    MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
        'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
        'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
        'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
        'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
        'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
        # Uncomment the next line for simple clickjacking protection:
        # 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    )
    ROOT_URLCONF = 'myweblab.urls'
    # Python dotted path to the WSGI application used by Django's runserver.
    WSGI_APPLICATION = 'myweblab.wsgi.application'
    TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
        os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR, 'templates')
        # Put strings here, like "/home/html/django_templates" or "C:/www/django/templates".
        # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
        # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
    )
    INSTALLED_APPS = (
        'django.contrib.auth',
        'django.contrib.contenttypes',
        'django.contrib.sessions',
        'django.contrib.sites',
        'django.contrib.messages',
        'django.contrib.staticfiles',
        # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
         'django.contrib.admin',
        # Uncomment the next line to enable admin documentation:
        # 'django.contrib.admindocs',
    )
    # A sample logging configuration. The only tangible logging
    # performed by this configuration is to send an email to
    # the site admins on every HTTP 500 error when DEBUG=False.
    # See http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/logging for
    # more details on how to customize your logging configuration.
    LOGGING = {
        'version': 1,
        'disable_existing_loggers': False,
        'filters': {
            'require_debug_false': {
                '()': 'django.utils.log.RequireDebugFalse'
            }
        },
        'handlers': {
            'mail_admins': {
                'level': 'ERROR',
                'filters': ['require_debug_false'],
                'class': 'django.utils.log.AdminEmailHandler'
            }
        },
        'loggers': {
            'django.request': {
                'handlers': ['mail_admins'],
                'level': 'ERROR',
                'propagate': True,
            },
        }
    }

这是我的url。py

    from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
    from django.conf import settings
    from myweblab.views import index
    # Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
    from django.contrib import admin
    admin.autodiscover()
    urlpatterns = patterns('',
        # Examples:
        # url(r'^$', 'myweblab.views.home', name='home'),
        # url(r'^myweblab/', include('myweblab.foo.urls')),
        # Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
        # url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),
        # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
         url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
         url(r'^$', index, name="index"),
    )
    urlpatterns += patterns('',
        url(r'^static/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {'document_root': settings.STATIC_URL, 'show_indexes': True}),
    )

和my base.djhtml

    <!DOCTYPE >
    <html>
        <head>
            <!-- css and javascript template should be here -->
            <title>
                {% block title %}
                {% endblock %}
            </title>
            <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{ STATIC_URL }}css/style.css" />
            <script type="text/javascript" src="{{ STATIC_URL }}js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>
        </head>
        <body>
            {% block content %}
            {% endblock %}
        </body>
    </html>

首先,创建staticfiles文件夹。在该文件夹中创建css, js和img文件夹。

settings.py

import os
PROJECT_DIR = os.path.dirname(__file__)
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
         'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 
         'NAME': os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR, 'myweblabdev.sqlite'),                        
         'USER': '',
         'PASSWORD': '',
         'HOST': '',                      
         'PORT': '',                     
    }
}
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR, 'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR, 'static')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR, 'staticfiles'),
)
<<p>主要strong> urls . py
from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.staticfiles.urls import staticfiles_urlpatterns
from myweblab import settings
admin.autodiscover()
urlpatterns = patterns('',
    .......
) + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns()
模板

{% load static %}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/style.css' %}">

参考django文档中的静态文件

在<<p> strong> settings.py :
import os
CURRENT_PATH = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__).decode('utf-8'))
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(CURRENT_PATH, 'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
STATIC_ROOT = 'static/'
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
                    os.path.join(CURRENT_PATH, 'static'),
)
然后将jscss文件static文件夹放入项目中。 在<<p> strong> views.py :
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, RequestContext
def view_name(request):
    #your stuff goes here
    return render_to_response('template.html', locals(), context_instance = RequestContext(request))
在<<p> strong> template.html :
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{ STATIC_URL }}css/style.css" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="{{ STATIC_URL }}js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>
在<<p> strong> urls . py :
from django.conf import settings
urlpatterns += patterns('',
    url(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT, 'show_indexes': True}),
)

项目文件结构可在imgbin中找到

阅读https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/howto/static-files/:

用于本地开发,如果您正在使用runserver或添加将staticfiles_urlpatterns添加到您的URLconf中,就完成了设置您的静态文件将自动以默认的服务新建项目)STATIC_URL/static/.

和尝试:

~/tmp$ django-admin.py startproject myprj
~/tmp$ cd myprj/
~/tmp/myprj$ chmod a+x manage.py
~/tmp/myprj$ ./manage.py startapp myapp

'myapp'加入INSTALLED_APPS (myprj/settings.py)。

~/tmp/myprj$ cd myapp/
~/tmp/myprj/myapp$ mkdir static
~/tmp/myprj/myapp$ echo 'alert("hello!");' > static/hello.js
~/tmp/myprj/myapp$ mkdir templates
~/tmp/myprj/myapp$ echo '<script src="{{ STATIC_URL }}hello.js"></script>' > templates/hello.html

Edit myprj/urls.py:

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
class HelloView(TemplateView):
    template_name = "hello.html"
urlpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^$', HelloView.as_view(), name='hello'),
)

然后运行:

~/tmp/myprj/myapp$ cd ..
~/tmp/myprj$ ./manage.py runserver

它工作!