使用 Javascript 设置当前时间格式

Current time formatting with Javascript

本文关键字：时间格式 Javascript 设置使用更新时间：2023-09-26

我想用javascript以特定格式获取当前时间。

使用下面的函数并调用它会给我2013年2月1日星期五 13：56：40 GMT+1300 （新西兰夏令时间）但我想像这样格式化周五下午2：001 2月 2013

var d = new Date();
var x = document.getElementById("time");
x.innerHTML = d;

当然，上面的代码没有任何格式逻辑，但我还没有遇到任何"工作"格式化程序。

你可能想试试

var d = new Date();
d.toLocaleString();       // -> "2/1/2013 7:37:08 AM"
d.toLocaleDateString();   // -> "2/1/2013"
d.toLocaleTimeString();  // -> "7:38:05 AM"

文档

JavaScript Date 有几种方法允许您提取其部分：

getFullYear() - 返回 4 位数的年份
getMonth() - 返回一个从零开始的整数（0-11），表示一年中的月份。
getDate() - 返回月份中的某一天（1-31）。
getDay() - 返回星期几（0-6）。 0 是星期日，6 是星期六。
getHours() - 返回一天中的小时（0-23）。
getMinutes() - 返回分钟（0-59）。
getSeconds() - 返回第二个（0-59）。
getMilliseconds() - 返回毫秒（0-999）。
getTimezoneOffset() - 返回计算机本地时间与 UTC 之间的分钟数。

没有内置方法允许您获取本地化字符串，如"星期五"、"二月"或"PM"。你必须自己编码。要获取所需的字符串，至少需要存储天数和月份的字符串表示形式：

var months = ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"];
var days = ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"];

然后，使用上述方法将其组合在一起：

var months = ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"];
var days = ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"];
var d = new Date();
var day = days[d.getDay()];
var hr = d.getHours();
var min = d.getMinutes();
if (min < 10) {
    min = "0" + min;
}
var ampm = "am";
if( hr > 12 ) {
    hr -= 12;
    ampm = "pm";
}
var date = d.getDate();
var month = months[d.getMonth()];
var year = d.getFullYear();
var x = document.getElementById("time");
x.innerHTML = day + " " + hr + ":" + min + ampm + " " + date + " " + month + " " + year;

<span id="time"></span>

我有一个日期格式函数，我想包含在我的标准库中。它采用定义所需输出的格式字符串参数。格式字符串松散地基于 .Net 自定义日期和时间格式字符串。对于您指定的格式，以下格式字符串将起作用："dddd h:mmtt d MMM yyyy" .

var d = new Date();
var x = document.getElementById("time");
x.innerHTML = formatDate(d, "dddd h:mmtt d MMM yyyy");

演示：jsfiddle.net/BNkkB/1

这是我的完整日期格式化功能：

function formatDate(date, format, utc) {
    var MMMM = ["'x00", "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"];
    var MMM = ["'x01", "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"];
    var dddd = ["'x02", "Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"];
    var ddd = ["'x03", "Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"];
    function ii(i, len) {
        var s = i + "";
        len = len || 2;
        while (s.length < len) s = "0" + s;
        return s;
    }
    var y = utc ? date.getUTCFullYear() : date.getFullYear();
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])yyyy+/g, "$1" + y);
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])yy/g, "$1" + y.toString().substr(2, 2));
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])y/g, "$1" + y);
    var M = (utc ? date.getUTCMonth() : date.getMonth()) + 1;
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])MMMM+/g, "$1" + MMMM[0]);
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])MMM/g, "$1" + MMM[0]);
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])MM/g, "$1" + ii(M));
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])M/g, "$1" + M);
    var d = utc ? date.getUTCDate() : date.getDate();
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])dddd+/g, "$1" + dddd[0]);
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])ddd/g, "$1" + ddd[0]);
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])dd/g, "$1" + ii(d));
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])d/g, "$1" + d);
    var H = utc ? date.getUTCHours() : date.getHours();
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])HH+/g, "$1" + ii(H));
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])H/g, "$1" + H);
    var h = H > 12 ? H - 12 : H == 0 ? 12 : H;
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])hh+/g, "$1" + ii(h));
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])h/g, "$1" + h);
    var m = utc ? date.getUTCMinutes() : date.getMinutes();
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])mm+/g, "$1" + ii(m));
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])m/g, "$1" + m);
    var s = utc ? date.getUTCSeconds() : date.getSeconds();
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])ss+/g, "$1" + ii(s));
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])s/g, "$1" + s);
    var f = utc ? date.getUTCMilliseconds() : date.getMilliseconds();
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])fff+/g, "$1" + ii(f, 3));
    f = Math.round(f / 10);
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])ff/g, "$1" + ii(f));
    f = Math.round(f / 10);
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])f/g, "$1" + f);
    var T = H < 12 ? "AM" : "PM";
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])TT+/g, "$1" + T);
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])T/g, "$1" + T.charAt(0));
    var t = T.toLowerCase();
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])tt+/g, "$1" + t);
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])t/g, "$1" + t.charAt(0));
    var tz = -date.getTimezoneOffset();
    var K = utc || !tz ? "Z" : tz > 0 ? "+" : "-";
    if (!utc) {
        tz = Math.abs(tz);
        var tzHrs = Math.floor(tz / 60);
        var tzMin = tz % 60;
        K += ii(tzHrs) + ":" + ii(tzMin);
    }
    format = format.replace(/(^|[^''])K/g, "$1" + K);
    var day = (utc ? date.getUTCDay() : date.getDay()) + 1;
    format = format.replace(new RegExp(dddd[0], "g"), dddd[day]);
    format = format.replace(new RegExp(ddd[0], "g"), ddd[day]);
    format = format.replace(new RegExp(MMMM[0], "g"), MMMM[M]);
    format = format.replace(new RegExp(MMM[0], "g"), MMM[M]);
    format = format.replace(/''(.)/g, "$1");
    return format;
};

> 2017 更新：使用 toLocaleDateString 和 toLocaleTimeString 来格式化日期和时间。传递给这些方法的第一个参数是区域设置值，例如 en-us。第二个参数（如果存在）指定格式选项，例如工作日的长格式。

let date = new Date();  
let options = {  
    weekday: "long", year: "numeric", month: "short",  
    day: "numeric", hour: "2-digit", minute: "2-digit"  
};  
console.log(date.toLocaleTimeString("en-us", options));

输出：星期三，十月 25， 2017， 8：19 下午

详情请参阅以下链接。

日期和时间字符串（JavaScript）

你可以使用我的 strftime 端口：

/* Port of strftime(). Compatibility notes:
 *
 * %c - formatted string is slightly different
 * %D - not implemented (use "%m/%d/%y" or "%d/%m/%y")
 * %e - space is not added
 * %E - not implemented
 * %h - not implemented (use "%b")
 * %k - space is not added
 * %n - not implemented (use "'n")
 * %O - not implemented
 * %r - not implemented (use "%I:%M:%S %p")
 * %R - not implemented (use "%H:%M")
 * %t - not implemented (use "'t")
 * %T - not implemented (use "%H:%M:%S")
 * %U - not implemented
 * %W - not implemented
 * %+ - not implemented
 * %% - not implemented (use "%")
 *
 * strftime() reference:
 * http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/strftime.3.html
 *
 * Day of year (%j) code based on Joe Orost's answer:
 * http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8619879/javascript-calculate-the-day-of-the-year-1-366
 *
 * Week number (%V) code based on Taco van den Broek's prototype:
 * http://techblog.procurios.nl/k/news/view/33796/14863/calculate-iso-8601-week-and-year-in-javascript.html
 */
function strftime(sFormat, date) {
  if (!(date instanceof Date)) date = new Date();
  var nDay = date.getDay(),
    nDate = date.getDate(),
    nMonth = date.getMonth(),
    nYear = date.getFullYear(),
    nHour = date.getHours(),
    aDays = ['Sunday', 'Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday'],
    aMonths = ['January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December'],
    aDayCount = [0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334],
    isLeapYear = function() {
      if ((nYear&3)!==0) return false;
      return nYear%100!==0 || nYear%400===0;
    },
    getThursday = function() {
      var target = new Date(date);
      target.setDate(nDate - ((nDay+6)%7) + 3);
      return target;
    },
    zeroPad = function(nNum, nPad) {
      return ('' + (Math.pow(10, nPad) + nNum)).slice(1);
    };
  return sFormat.replace(/%[a-z]/gi, function(sMatch) {
    return {
      '%a': aDays[nDay].slice(0,3),
      '%A': aDays[nDay],
      '%b': aMonths[nMonth].slice(0,3),
      '%B': aMonths[nMonth],
      '%c': date.toUTCString(),
      '%C': Math.floor(nYear/100),
      '%d': zeroPad(nDate, 2),
      '%e': nDate,
      '%F': date.toISOString().slice(0,10),
      '%G': getThursday().getFullYear(),
      '%g': ('' + getThursday().getFullYear()).slice(2),
      '%H': zeroPad(nHour, 2),
      '%I': zeroPad((nHour+11)%12 + 1, 2),
      '%j': zeroPad(aDayCount[nMonth] + nDate + ((nMonth>1 && isLeapYear()) ? 1 : 0), 3),
      '%k': '' + nHour,
      '%l': (nHour+11)%12 + 1,
      '%m': zeroPad(nMonth + 1, 2),
      '%M': zeroPad(date.getMinutes(), 2),
      '%p': (nHour<12) ? 'AM' : 'PM',
      '%P': (nHour<12) ? 'am' : 'pm',
      '%s': Math.round(date.getTime()/1000),
      '%S': zeroPad(date.getSeconds(), 2),
      '%u': nDay || 7,
      '%V': (function() {
              var target = getThursday(),
                n1stThu = target.valueOf();
              target.setMonth(0, 1);
              var nJan1 = target.getDay();
              if (nJan1!==4) target.setMonth(0, 1 + ((4-nJan1)+7)%7);
              return zeroPad(1 + Math.ceil((n1stThu-target)/604800000), 2);
            })(),
      '%w': '' + nDay,
      '%x': date.toLocaleDateString(),
      '%X': date.toLocaleTimeString(),
      '%y': ('' + nYear).slice(2),
      '%Y': nYear,
      '%z': date.toTimeString().replace(/.+GMT([+-]'d+).+/, '$1'),
      '%Z': date.toTimeString().replace(/.+'((.+?)')$/, '$1')
    }[sMatch] || sMatch;
  });
}

示例用法：

// Returns "Thursday 4:45pm 15 Sep 2016"
strftime('%A %l:%M%P %e %b %Y');
// You can optionally pass it a Date object
// Returns "Friday 2:00pm 1 Feb 2013"
strftime('%A %l:%M%P %e %b %Y', new Date('Feb 1, 2013 2:00 PM'));

最新的代码可在此处获得：https://github.com/thdoan/strftime

查看 Date 类的内部结构，您会发现您可以提取所有位（日期、月份、年份、小时等）。

对于类似Fri 23:00 1 Feb 2013的代码是这样的：

date = new Date();
weekdayNames = ['Sun', 'Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat'];
monthNames = ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"];
var dateString = weekdayNames[date.getDay()] + " " 
    + date.getHours() + ":" + ("00" + date.getMinutes()).slice(-2) + " " 
    + date.getDate() + " " + monthNames[date.getMonth()] + " " + date.getFullYear();
console.log(dateString);

有很多很棒的图书馆，适合那些感兴趣的人

http://www.datejs.com/
http://momentjs.com/
https://github.com/samsonjs/strftime

如今，真的不需要发明自己的格式说明符。

使用时刻。

我不能推荐使用Moment。如果您能够使用第三方库，我强烈建议您这样做。除了格式化之外，它还可以很好地处理时区、解析、持续时间和时间旅行，并将在简单性和时间方面带来红利（以较小的大小、抽象和性能为代价）。

用法

你想要看起来像这样的东西：

星期五下午2：00 2013年2月1日

好吧，有了Moment，您需要做的就是：

import Moment from "moment";
Moment().format( "dddd h:mma D MMM YYYY" ); //=> "Wednesday 9:20am 9 Dec 2020"

如果您想匹配确切的日期和时间，您需要做的就是：

import Moment from "moment";
Moment( "2013-2-1 14:00:00" ).format( "dddd h:mma D MMM YYYY" ) ); //=> "Friday 2:00pm 1 Feb 2013"

可以在此处找到无数其他格式选项。

安装

转到他们的主页查看更详细的说明，但如果您使用的是 npm 或 yarn，它就像

：

npm install moment --save

或

yarn add moment

只有时间

const getTime = ()=>{
    const d = new Date();
    const dd = [d.getHours(), d.getMinutes(), d.getSeconds()].map((a)=>(a < 10 ? '0' + a : a));
    return dd.join(':');
};

d = Date.now();
d = new Date(d);
d = (d.getMonth()+1)+'/'+d.getDate()+'/'+d.getFullYear()+' '+(d.getHours() > 12 ? d.getHours() - 12 : d.getHours())+':'+d.getMinutes()+' '+(d.getHours() >= 12 ? "PM" : "AM");
console.log(d);

对于这种真正的 mysql 风格，请使用下面的函数： 2019/02/28 15:33:12

如果单击
下面的"运行代码片段"按钮
它将显示您是一个简单的实时数字时钟示例演示将显示在代码片段下方。

function getDateTime() {
        var now     = new Date(); 
        var year    = now.getFullYear();
        var month   = now.getMonth()+1; 
        var day     = now.getDate();
        var hour    = now.getHours();
        var minute  = now.getMinutes();
        var second  = now.getSeconds(); 
        if(month.toString().length == 1) {
             month = '0'+month;
        }
        if(day.toString().length == 1) {
             day = '0'+day;
        }   
        if(hour.toString().length == 1) {
             hour = '0'+hour;
        }
        if(minute.toString().length == 1) {
             minute = '0'+minute;
        }
        if(second.toString().length == 1) {
             second = '0'+second;
        }   
        var dateTime = year+'/'+month+'/'+day+' '+hour+':'+minute+':'+second;   
         return dateTime;
    }
    // example usage: realtime clock
    setInterval(function(){
        currentTime = getDateTime();
        document.getElementById("digital-clock").innerHTML = currentTime;
    }, 1000);

<div id="digital-clock"></div>

缩小了

2.39KB。一个文件。https://github.com/rhroyston/clock-js

当前时间为

var str = clock.month;
var m = str.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str.slice(1,3); //gets you abbreviated month
clock.weekday + ' ' + clock.time + ' ' + clock.day + ' ' + m + ' ' + clock.year; //"tuesday 5:50 PM 3 May 2016"

function formatTime(date){
  d = new Date(date);
  var h=d.getHours(),m=d.getMinutes(),l="AM";
  if(h > 12){
    h = h - 12;
  }
  if(h < 10){
    h = '0'+h;
  }
  if(m < 10){
    m = '0'+m;
  }
  if(d.getHours() >= 12){
    l="PM"
  }else{
    l="AM"
  }
  return h+':'+m+' '+l;
}

用法和结果：

var formattedTime=formatTime(new Date('2020 15:00'));
// Output: "03:00 PM"

这不是你问的，但也许这里有一些东西可以提供帮助。

const dateToday = new Date();
const weekDay = ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"]; 
let day = weekDay[dateToday.getDay()];
let hr = [dateToday.getHours()% 12 || 12];
let min = [dateToday.getMinutes()];
let sec = [dateToday.getSeconds()];
document.getElementById("date").innerHTML = "Today is: " + day;
var amPm;
if (hr > 12){
  amPm = "AM"
} else {
  amPm = "PM"
}

document.getElementById("time").innerHTML = "Current time is: " + hr + ":" + min + ":" + sec + " " + amPm;

<div>
  <p id="date"></p>
  <p id="time"></p>
</div>

要使用基Date类，你可以查看MDN的方法（而不是W3Schools，因为这个原因）。在那里，您可以找到有关访问每个日期/时间组件的有用方法的良好描述，以及与方法是否被弃用相关的信息。

否则，您可以查看 Moment.js这是一个用于日期和时间处理的好库。您可以使用它来操作日期和时间（例如解析、格式化、i18n 等）。

我更喜欢在我的代码中以最短的形式获取当前时间，所以我使用了一个带有 defineProperty（）的对象，只需使用 Date.now 即可访问。

// Define a getter for the 'now' property of the Date object
Object.defineProperty(Date, 'now', {
  // Define the getter function that will be called when 'Date.now' is accessed
  get() {
    // Create a new Date object with the current date and time
    // and format it as a string in the 'en-NZ' locale with the Pacific/Auckland time zone
    return new Date().toLocaleString('en-NZ', {
      timeZone: 'Pacific/Auckland',
      weekday: "long",
      hour: '2-digit',
      minute: '2-digit',
      day: '2-digit',
      month: 'short',
      year: 'numeric'
    });
  }
});
// Log the current date and time using the 'Date.now' property
console.log(Date.now);

使用此方法生成简短且易于阅读的时间戳日志，我使用以下代码，不着色，并使用SGR参数着色：

Object.defineProperty(Date, 'now', {
  get() {
    return new Date().toLocaleString('en-GB', {timeZone: 'Pacific/Auckland', day: '2-digit', month: 'short', year: 'numeric', hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit', second: '2-digit'}).replace(/[ .]/g, '').replace(',', 'T');
  }
});
console.log(Date.now);
Object.defineProperty(Date, 'nc', {
  get() {
    return `'x1b[33m${new Date().toLocaleString('en-GB', {timeZone: 'Pacific/Auckland', day: '2-digit', month: 'short', year: 'numeric', hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit', second: '2-digit'}).replace(/[ .]/g, '').replace(',', 'T')}'x1b[0m`;
  }
});
console.log(Date.nc);

function startTime() {
    var today = new Date(),
        h = checkTime(((today.getHours() + 11) % 12 + 1)),
        m = checkTime(today.getMinutes()),
        s = checkTime(today.getSeconds());
    document.getElementById('demo').innerHTML = h + ":" + m + ":" + s;
    t = setTimeout(function () {
        startTime()
    }, 500);
}
startTime();

}）（）;

05：

12：00

let date = new Date();
let time = date.format("hh:ss")