AngularJS使用$http自定义表单验证

AngularJS custom form validation using $http

本文关键字:表单 验证 自定义 http 使用 AngularJS      更新时间:2023-09-26

我有一个像这样的表单:

<form name="myForm" ng-submit="saveDeployment()">
    <input type="hidden" value="{{item.CloneUrl}}" name="cloneurl" />
    <input type="hidden" value="{{Username}}" name="username" />
    <input type="radio" name="deploymenttype" ng-model="item.deploymentType" value="azure" checked="checked">Azure 
    <br />
    <input type="radio" name="deploymenttype" ng-model="item.deploymentType" value="ftp">FTP
    <div id="azure" ng-show="item.deploymentType=='azure'">
        <label for="azurerepo">Azure Git Repo</label>
        <input type="text" name="azurerepo" ng-model="item.azurerepo" ng-class="{error: myForm.azurerepo.$invalid}" ng-required="item.deploymentType=='azure'" />
    </div>
    <div id="ftp" ng-show="item.deploymentType=='ftp'">
        <label for="ftpserver">FTP Server</label>
        <input type="text" name="ftpserver" ng-model="item.ftpserver" ng-class="{error: myForm.ftpserver.$invalid}" ng-required="item.deploymentType=='ftp'"  />
        <label for="ftppath">FTP Path</label>
        <input type="text" name="ftppath" ng-model="item.ftppath" ng-class="{error: myForm.ftppath.$invalid}" ng-required="item.deploymentType=='ftp'" />
        <label for="ftpusername">FTP Username</label>
        <input type="text" name="ftpusername" ng-model="item.ftpusername" ng-class="{error: myForm.ftpusername.$invalid}" ng-required="item.deploymentType=='ftp'"/>
        <label for="ftppassword">FTP Password</label>
        <input type="password" name="ftppassword" ng-model="item.ftppassword" ng-class="{error: myForm.ftppassword.$invalid}" ng-required="item.deploymentType=='ftp'"/>
    </div>
    <input type="submit" value="Save" ng-disabled="myForm.$invalid"/>
</form>

它的设置,以便所需的字段和保存按钮都是工作一旦数据被输入。但是,我的部分验证将是"Is the user already registered?",我将使用输入的数据通过POST使用$http.

访问服务器。

我应该把逻辑在saveDeployment()函数或有一个更好的地方把它?

* 更新: *

我已经实现了下面这是应用于一个元素的属性,但它调用服务器/数据库的每次按键,我不喜欢:

 app.directive('repoAvailable', function ($http, $timeout) { // available
        return {
            require: 'ngModel',
            link: function (scope, elem, attr, ctrl) {
                console.log(ctrl);
                ctrl.$parsers.push(function (viewValue) {
                    // set it to true here, otherwise it will not 
                    // clear out when previous validators fail.
                    ctrl.$setValidity('repoAvailable', true);
                    if (ctrl.$valid) {
                        // set it to false here, because if we need to check 
                        // the validity of the email, it's invalid until the 
                        // AJAX responds.
                        ctrl.$setValidity('checkingRepo', false);
                        // now do your thing, chicken wing.
                        if (viewValue !== "" && typeof viewValue !== "undefined") {
                            $http.post('http://localhost:12008/alreadyregistered',viewValue) //set to 'Test.json' for it to return true.
                                .success(function (data, status, headers, config) {
                                    ctrl.$setValidity('repoAvailable', true);
                                    ctrl.$setValidity('checkingRepo', true);
                                })
                                .error(function (data, status, headers, config) {
                                    ctrl.$setValidity('repoAvailable', false);
                                    ctrl.$setValidity('checkingRepo', true);
                                });
                        } else {
                            ctrl.$setValidity('repoAvailable', false);
                            ctrl.$setValidity('checkingRepo', true);
                        }
                    }
                    return viewValue;
                });
            }
        };
    });

你不需要在指令中做$http请求,更好的地方是控制器。

您可以在控制器- $scope.saveDeployment = function () { // here you make and handle your error on request ... };中指定方法,您将保存错误范围,然后创建一个指令,将监视$scope.yourResponseObject并根据它设置有效性。

另外,如果你需要像输入字段模糊的请求和错误之类的东西,你需要用elem.bind('blur', ...)创建一个简单的指令,在那里你用回调调用$scope.saveDeployment来处理有效性。

看一下示例,可能有类似的东西- https://github.com/angular/angular.js/wiki/JsFiddle-Examples

使用异步$http ajax调用验证表单输入字段是一种常见的需求,但我还没有发现任何完整的、可重用的和易于使用的实现,所以我尽我最大的努力做一个。

此功能对于检查用户名、电子邮件或其他字段/列是否唯一特别有用,但是在许多其他用例中,必须通过ajax调用验证值(如您的示例)。

我的解决方案有以下特点:

  • 接受"检查";从$scope调用$http或任何类型的验证(同步或异步)的函数
  • 接受一个"网关";$scope的功能,允许根据ngModel的值或状态绕过检查。
  • 废除"检查";函数的执行,直到用户停止输入
  • 确保只使用最新的$http调用结果(如果多个被触发并无序返回)。
  • 允许状态绑定,以便UI可以适当和方便地响应。
  • 可自定义脱脱时间,检查/门函数,绑定名称和验证名称。

我的指令是pmkr-validate-custom (GitHub)。它可以用于任何异步验证。我已经在几个版本中测试了它,最早的版本是1.1.5

下面是一个使用Twitter Bootstrap的示例,其中我检查用户名是否唯一。

现场演示

<form name="the_form" class="form-group has-feedback">
  <div ng-class="{'has-success':userNameUnique.valid, 'has-warning':userNameUnique.invalid}">
    <label for="user_name">Username</label>
    <input 
      name="user_name" 
      ng-model="user.userName" 
      pmkr-validate-custom="{name:'unique', fn:checkUserNameUnique, gate:gateUserNameUnique, wait:500, props:'userNameUnique'}" 
      pmkr-pristine-original="" 
      class="form-control"
    >
    <span ng-show="userNameUnique.valid" class="glyphicon glyphicon-ok form-control-feedback"></span>
    <span ng-show="userNameUnique.invalid" class="glyphicon glyphicon-warning-sign form-control-feedback"></span>
    <i ng-show="userNameUnique.pending" class="glyphicon glyphicon-refresh fa-spin form-control-feedback"></i>
    <p ng-show="userNameUnique.valid" class="alert alert-success">"{{userNameUnique.checkedValue}}" is availiable.</p>
    <p ng-show="userNameUnique.invalid" class="alert alert-warning">"{{userNameUnique.checkedValue}}" is not availiable.</p>
    <button 
      ng-disabled="the_form.$invalid || the_form.user_name.$pristine || userNameUnique.pending" 
      class="btn btn-default"
    >Submit</button>
  </div>
</form>
样本控制器:

// Note that this ought to be in a service and referenced to $scope. This is just for demonstration.
$scope.checkUserNameUnique = function(value) {
  return $http.get(validationUrl+value).then(function(resp) {
    // use resp to determine if value valid
    return isValid; // true or false
  });
}
// The directive is gated off when this function returns true.
$scope.gateUserNameUnique = function(value, $ngModel) {
  return !value || $ngModel.$pristine;
};

如果我做任何改进,他们将是最新的GitHub上,但我也要把代码在这里为这个指令和它的依赖关系(可能不会更新)。我欢迎通过GitHub问题提出建议或问题!

angular.module('pmkr.validateCustom', [
  'pmkr.debounce'
])
.directive('pmkrValidateCustom', [
  '$q',
  'pmkr.debounce',
  function($q, debounce) {
    var directive = {
      restrict: 'A',
      require: 'ngModel',
      // set priority so that other directives can change ngModel state ($pristine, etc) before gate function
      priority: 1,
      link: function($scope, $element, $attrs, $ngModel) {
        var opts = $scope.$eval($attrs.pmkrValidateCustom);
        // this reference is used as a convenience for $scope[opts.props]
        var props = {
          pending : false,
          validating : false,
          checkedValue : null,
          valid : null,
          invalid : null
        };
        // if opts.props is set, assign props to $scope
        opts.props && ($scope[opts.props] = props);
        // debounce validation function
        var debouncedFn = debounce(validate, opts.wait);
        var latestFn = debounce.latest(debouncedFn);
        // initially valid
        $ngModel.$setValidity(opts.name, true);
        // track gated state
        var gate;
        $scope.$watch(function() {
          return $ngModel.$viewValue;
        }, valueChange);
        // set model validity and props based on gated state
        function setValidity(isValid) {
          $ngModel.$setValidity(opts.name, isValid);
          if (gate) {
            props.valid = props.invalid = null;
          } else {
            props.valid = !(props.invalid = !isValid);
          }
        }
        function validate(val) {
          if (gate) { return; }
          props.validating = true;
          return opts.fn(val);
        }
        function valueChange(val) {
          if (opts.gate && (gate = opts.gate(val, $ngModel))) {
            props.pending = props.validating = false;
            setValidity(true);
            return;
          }
          props.pending = true;
          props.valid = props.invalid = null;
          latestFn(val).then(function(isValid) {
            if (gate) { return; }
            props.checkedValue = val;
            setValidity(isValid);
            props.pending = props.validating = false;
          });
        }
      } // link
    }; // directive
    return directive;
  }
])
;
angular.module('pmkr.debounce', [])
.factory('pmkr.debounce', [
  '$timeout',
  '$q',
  function($timeout, $q) {
    var service = function() {
      return debounceFactory.apply(this, arguments);
    };
    service.immediate = function() {
      return debounceImmediateFactory.apply(this, arguments);
    };
    service.latest = function() {
      return debounceLatestFactory.apply(this, arguments);
    };
    function debounceFactory(fn, wait) {
      var timeoutPromise;
      function debounced() {
        var deferred = $q.defer();
        var context = this;
        var args = arguments;
        $timeout.cancel(timeoutPromise);
        timeoutPromise = $timeout(function() {
          deferred.resolve(fn.apply(context, args));
        }, wait);
        return deferred.promise;
      }
      return debounced;
    }
    function debounceImmediateFactory(fn, wait) {
      var timeoutPromise;
      function debounced() {
        var deferred = $q.defer();
        var context = this;
        var args = arguments;
        if (!timeoutPromise) {
          deferred.resolve(fn.apply(context, args));
          // return here?
        }
        $timeout.cancel(timeoutPromise);
        timeoutPromise = $timeout(function() {
          timeoutPromise = null;
        }, wait);
        return deferred.promise;
      }
      return debounced;
    }
    function debounceLatestFactory(fn) {
      var latestArgs;
      function debounced() {
        var args = latestArgs = JSON.stringify(arguments);
        var deferred = $q.defer();
        fn.apply(this, arguments).then(function(res) {
          if (latestArgs === args) {
            deferred.resolve(res);
          }
        }, function(res) {
          if (latestArgs === args) {
            deferred.reject(res);
          }
        });
        return deferred.promise;
      }
      return debounced;
    }
    return service;
  }
])
;
angular.module('pmkr.pristineOriginal', [])
.directive('pmkrPristineOriginal', [
  function() {
    var directive = {
      restrict : 'A',
      require : 'ngModel',
      link: function($scope, $element, $atts, $ngModel) {
        var pristineVal = null;
        $scope.$watch(function() {
          return $ngModel.$viewValue;
        }, function(val) {
          // set pristineVal to newVal the first time this function runs
          if (pristineVal === null) {
            pristineVal = $ngModel.$isEmpty(val) ? '' : val.toString();
          }
          // newVal is the original value - set input to pristine state
          if (pristineVal === val) {
            $ngModel.$setPristine();
          }
        });
      }
    };
    return directive;
  }
])
;

我的解决方案是取自Kosmetika的想法。

我使用了angular-ui项目,并在控制器上设置了一个onBlur回调,该回调通过$http调用web服务。

将控制器/模型属性设置为true或false。

然后我有一个<span>使用ng-show来观察控制器/模型属性,所以当web服务返回时,它会显示用户信息