有没有可能保护'this'引用绑定对象内的函数

正如您所指定的，如果您只想创建一个新对象，您可能需要这样做。我认为无论你做什么，你仍然需要执行一些东西-无论是实例化一个对象还是运行绑定点击的特定init函数。

 var App = function App(){
    this.clickhandler()
    }
    App.prototype =
    {
        'messages': [{
            'author': 'Maya Angelou',
                'quote': "If you don't like something, change it. If you can't change it, change your attitude."
        }, {
            'author': 'Richard Feynman',
                'quote': "Hell, if I could explain it to the average person, it wouldn't have been worth the Nobel prize."
        }, {
            'author': 'Eddie Izzard',
                'quote': "Cats have a scam going – you buy the food, they eat the food, they fuck off; that's the deal."
        }, {
            'author': 'George Carlin',
                'quote': "I would never want to be a member of a group whose symbol was a man nailed to two pieces of wood. Especially if it's me!"
        }],
            'textProp': 'textContent' in document.body ? 'textContent' : 'innerText',
            'outputTo': document.querySelector('#output'),
            'trigger': document.querySelector('#load'),
            'quote': function () {
                console.log('hey')
            var n = Math.floor(Math.random() * this.messages.length),
                f = document.createElement('figure'),
                c = document.createElement('figcaption'),
                frag = document.createDocumentFragment();
            f[this.textProp] = this.messages[n].quote;
            c[this.textProp] = this.messages[n].author;
            frag.appendChild(f);
            frag.appendChild(c);
            this.outputTo.innerHTML = '';
            this.outputTo.appendChild(frag);
        },
        'clickhandler' : function(){
            this.trigger.addEventListener('click', this.quote.bind(this));
        }
    };
    //just create an object
    app = new App();

在某些时候，您将需要将.bind()方法替换为app(除非您避免使用this并将其替换为app)。然而，这并不一定在传递 app.quote方法的地方(例如，将绑定作为事件侦听器)，但可以直接在app对象声明之后:

var app = {
    …,
    quote: function() {
        … this …
    }
};
app.quote = app.quote.bind(app);

如果周围有下划线，可以使用bindAll辅助函数:

var app = _.bindAll({
    …,
    quote: function() {
        … this …
    }
}, "quote");

如果你不在对象文本中——它可以是构造函数，IEFE，等等——你可以直接在它的声明位置.bind()函数:

function App() {
    …
    this.quote = function() {
         … this …
    }.bind(this);
}

对于coffeescript或ES6，您还可以使用fat-arrow函数语法作为糖。

除了对象文字，您还可以这样做:

var app = new function () {
    this.messages = [{
        'author': 'Maya Angelou',
            'quote': "If you don't like something, change it. If you can't change it, change your attitude."
    }, {
        'author': 'Richard Feynman',
            'quote': "Hell, if I could explain it to the average person, it wouldn't have been worth the Nobel prize."
    }, {
        'author': 'Eddie Izzard',
            'quote': "Cats have a scam going – you buy the food, they eat the food, they fuck off; that's the deal."
    }, {
        'author': 'George Carlin',
            'quote': "I would never want to be a member of a group whose symbol was a man nailed to two pieces of wood. Especially if it's me!"
    }];
    this.textProp = 'textContent' in document.body ? 'textContent' : 'innerText';
    this.outputTo =  document.querySelector('#output');
    this.trigger = document.querySelector('#load');
    this.quote = function () {
        var n = Math.floor(Math.random() * this.messages.length),
            f = document.createElement('figure'),
            c = document.createElement('figcaption'),
            frag = document.createDocumentFragment();
        f[this.textProp] = this.messages[n].quote;
        c[this.textProp] = this.messages[n].author;
        frag.appendChild(f);
        frag.appendChild(c);
        this.outputTo.innerHTML = '';
        this.outputTo.appendChild(frag);
    };
    this.trigger.addEventListener('click', this.quote.bind(this));
};

查看工作演示

这个变量只是引用app，所以就用app。

var app = {
    someVar: 'thing',
    someMethod: function(){
        alert(app.someVar);
    }
};

或者

function createApp(){
    var app = {};
    app.someVar = 'thing';
    app.someMethod = function(){
        alert(app.someVar);
    };
    return app;
}

小改动。在初始化对象的属性之前声明对象可能会对您的用例有所帮助。

var app = {};
app["messages"] = "test message";
app["textProp'] = 'textContent' in document.body ? 'textContent' : 'innerText';
app['quote']= function () {
        var n = Math.floor(Math.random() * this.messages.length),
            f = document.createElement('figure'),
            c = document.createElement('figcaption'),
            frag = document.createDocumentFragment();
        f[app.textProp] = app.messages[n].quote;
}